- The treaty of Brest-Litovsk was between Germany and Russia - After Russia surrendered from the war - The Bolsheviks agreed to an armistice - Peace negotiations were held in Brest-Litovsk (now Brest, Belarus) - Russians did not accept the terms - Germans reopened the war, so Russia had to accept even worse demands
Results: - Russia recognized the Ukraine as an independent country - Surrendered Poland, Lithuania, Latvia, Estonia, and Finland - Kars, Ardahan, and Batum were given to Turkey
- This did not last long - After the Treaty of Versailles, Germany was forced to renounce the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk
Summary: Russia had to give up lots of land to Germany, only to have to give it up again later